Shearing device for trimming hedges, shrubbery, etc



-GLSZUCS AND L. HABERSTROH, 1n. SHEARING DEvlcE FOB'TRIMMING Hansis;SHRUBBERY, ETC.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 9, 1921.

Patented NOV. 7, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. SZUCS ANDI.. HABERSTROH, IR. SHEAHING DEVICE FOR TRINIMING HEDGES,SHRUBBERY, ETC.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 9.192I.

121134,858. Patented Novu 7,1922.

4 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L6M s Lr G. SZUCS AND L. HABERSTHOH, IR. SHEARING DEVICE FOR TRIMMINGHEDGES, SHR

UBBERY, ETC.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 9, 1921.

Batented Nov. 7, 1922.

. 3 SHEETS-SHEEI 3.

er e! 12am au itattained Nov. 7, 1922.

iii"

STATES GERGELY SZUCS, OF NEW YORK, AND LOUIS HABERSTROH, JR., OFLYNBROOK, NEW YORK.

SHEARING DEVICE FOR TRIMMING HEDGES, SHRUBBERY, ETC.

Application led December 9, 1921.

To all whom t may conce/m:

Be it known that we, Gnnonnr Szios, a citizen ot' Hungary (havingdeclared my intentions of becoming a citizen ot the United States), anda resident ot the borough ot lllanhattan, city, county, and State ot NewYork, and Louis I-lAnnRs'rnoi-I, .l r., a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Lynbrook, county of Nassau, and State oi New York,have invented certain new and usetul improvements in Sliearing Devicestor Trimming Hedges,Shrubbery, Etc., oi -which the following is aspecilication.

Our improvements are designed to altord a simple but powerful andeffective device adapted to supersede the old fashioned hand shearsheretofore used for the trimming ot hedges, shrubbery, etc.,-asubstitute theretor that will save both time and labor, and insure moreuniform and satisfactory results. Also to provide means whereby thespeed ot operation, and also the effective shearing power, may bechanged and varied in accordance with the requirements and exigencies ofactual use z-or in other words, adapted to the different degrees otresistance to be overcome in the shearing and trimming ot variousgrades, ages, and thicknesses of shrubbery to be treated.

To this end our invention consists in the specific combination andarrangement ot parts and appurtenances described and claimed,distinctive features being the use of a plurality oit rotary cutterblades acting in conjunction with a series of fixed cutter teeth; in themeans tor varying the speed oit' the said rotary cutters; in the means'tor counteracting clogging; and other incidental features, all ashereinafter fully set forth.

ln the` accompanying drawings,

F l, is a top view of our shearing device, the cover plate beingomitted, and the parts being arranged to impart high speed to therotative cutters;

Fig. 2, is a transverse section, upon a larger scale, taken upon planeot line 2--2, F ig. 1

Fig. 3, is a detail top view of the bottom or work plate having thetixed cutters forming a component part thereof;

Fig. 3a, is a detail view ot the under side ot a portion ot the workplate adjacent to Serial No. 521,166.

the cutting edge, formed in accordance with Figs. l and 8;

Fig. 4l, is an end view ot the work plate, with the gear cover plateattached thereto;

Fig. 5, is a detail ota lined cutter tooth plate made separatel) 'lorrigid attachment yto the work plate;

Fig. 6, is a sectional elevation taken upon plane ot line 6-6, Fig. l,only on a larger scale;

Fig. 7, is a section like unto Fig. 6, but showing the main drive geartransposed in position, to reduce the speed ot the rotative cutters;

Fig. 8, is a detail of one of the rotary cutters;

Fig. 9, is a top view, like unto Fig. l, illustrating a modification inwhich individual fixed cutter teeth are incorporated with the workplate;

Fig. l0, is a transverse section, upon a. larger scale, taken upon planeof line l0-10, F ig. 9;

Fig. 11, is a perspective view of one ot the fixed individual cuttertooth plates;

Fig. 12, is a detail view showing spring copulative means for lockingthe actuating lever positively to the main driving gear upon occasion.

What ma be designated as the base or work plate i3, is formed with ahandle o, adapted to be held in the left hand of the user, thusconstituting the main support for our shearing device duringmanipulation. Provision is made tor varying the degree of angularity ofthe said handle o, as related to the base plate B, by means of adetachable bolt o', and a plurality of holes Z22, in the plate B,concentrically positioned as :related to the pivotal bolt o, as shownmore particularly in Figs. l and 9, ot the drawings.

The front edge of the work plate B, is provided with a series of Xedcutter teeth Z2, which may be made in one piece with said work plate B,as in Figs. l, 2, 3, 3", or made separately and rigidly attachedthereto, so as to iorm practically an integral part thereof. Thus inFigl 5, we show a cutter plate B', termed with a plurality of cutterteeth ox, for attachment to the front edge ot' the work plate B; whereasin Figs.

9, l() and 1l, the use of a series of independent cutter teeth 5X,having individual shanks B2, is shown screwed to the upper tace of thebase or work plate P, as shown more particularly in Fig. 9.

By preference we 'form alternate cutter teeth 5X, with conveXly curvedback edges as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 3?, for the purpose of limitingthe intake et fibrous material and equalizing the cutting eect,obviating clogging and undue resistance, although this is not anessential feature of our invention, because, for lighter grades ot work,the straight back teeth shown in the other views will fully answer thepurpose.

In conjunction with the xed teeth 29X, we employ a series oit rotativecutters c, c, mounted on the under side of the work plate B, andactuated by hand lever H, through the medium ot suitable intermediategearing, substantially as hereinafter set forth. rlhat is to say, therotative cutters c, are each rigidly secured to the lower end of arotatable shaft c', having bearings in both the work plate B, and thecover plate K,

and having rigidly mounted thereon a pinion c2. Meshing with the pinionc, is an intermediate gear fz, loosely mounted on an arbor fi', affixedto and between the said work plate B, and the cover plate l, and thisintermediate gear z', has rigidly attached toit a pinion z'X, forengagement, upon occassion, with the drive gear CZ, which latter isloosely mounted' on the detachable main arbor o r stud al', said drivegear CZ, havingrigidly attached to it a ratchet wheel r.

The inner end of the hand lever H, is ulcrumed on the detachable mainarbor CZ', and carries a spring pawl p, for engagement with the saidratchet wheel r, so as to be capable ot rotating said ratchet wheel r,and drive gear (il, in one direction only, from right to lett,` orclockwise. as shown in the drawings.

The detachable main arbor fl, is screw threaded at its lower extremityfor engage ment with either oit the female screwthreaded sockets b3, orbt, (see Figs. 2, 3, 6 and 7). Thus, when speed ot rotation for thecutting` blades c, is desirable, as in the trimming of shrubbery otlight and tender structure, we position the main stud' or arbor d', inthe forward screw socket h3, as in Figs. l, 2, 6, 9 and 10, in which.case the drive gear d, will mesh with the pinion 71X, on theintermediate gear 2", and the pinion c2, and cutter c, will be rotatedat a relatively high rate of speed; whereas if tough, thick twigs orbranches of foliage are to be treated, we position said main arbor d, inthe rear screw socket h4, in which case the drive gear (Z, meshesdirectly with intermediate gear e', as shown in Fig. 7, re-

sulting in slower motion imparted to the pinion 02, and cutter, but inincreased shearing power,the rotative cutter c, of course in both casesacting in conjunction with the stationary teeth bx, to sever thematerial interposed therebetween.

The cover plate l, when used, as is preterable in order to prevent the*fouling or clogging ot the gearing by severed parts or particles olithe plants treated, is supported on the base plate B, and spaced aparttherefrom, by studs b5, 725, or by equivalent means as may be found mostexpedient.

ln order to accomplish the reversal ot motion of the rotative cutters c,in case ot clogging and wedging oi tough, hard material between thefixed teeth hx, or between them and the said rotative cutters c, weprovide means whereby the hand lever E, may be temporarily attached tothe drive wheel d, so that the latter may be tiiirned backwardsufficiently to cause the rotary cutters to recede or back away from theshearing edges of the lined teeth hx, thereby releasing the cloggingsubstance. @bviously this positive interlocking between the drive geard, and the hand lever ltr, may be etiected by various mechanicalexpedients other than that shown in the accompanying drawings, in whiche, represents a plunger bolt held normally out ot engage ment vwith t iemortises (Z2, cl2, (concentrica'lly arranged as related to the arbor ,Z)by a spring e, interposed between the upper side of the handle leverlil, and a cross bar ,2, on the upper portion or' said plunger bolt e.lWhen it is desired to connect the handle H, temporarily with the ldrive(l, for the purpose stated, the handle l-l, is turned to the right untilthe plunger bolt c, in. coincidence with one otthe recesses cl2, and thebolt is then depressed against the resistance ot' said spring e', andthe bolt turned on its axis so that its e2. eng ges with the detentshoulder a, on the hand lever l-l, shown in Fig. l2, thereby hold thelower end oi he bolt in 'thin` said mortise (Z2, in the drive gear d,and locking the parts together until again ree leased by the partialrotation of the bolt c, in such manner that its cross bar e2. is out otcontact with the detent shoulder it, when the spring e', retracts thebolt c, to its normal position with its lower extremity within the bodyoit the hand lever H, and clear ot the drive gear d, thereby releasingthe hand lever H. so that it is tree to actuate the ratchet 1*.

The dotted circles in Fig. 8, indicate the scope o'j rotation of thecutter blades c, f'. as related to the lined teeth hx. hx, and it willbel seen that each rotative blade C, acts in coi-iiunction with aplurality ot thc fixed teeth lf.

Each intermediate g'ear z', meshes with two adjoining rotative cutterpinions c2, as shown in Figs. l and 9, of the drawings; and the drivegear d, is interposed between, and meshes with both pinions ix., of thesaid intermediate gears z', as also shown in said figures, so that amaximum oi? etliciency is attained with a minimum ci operative parte andgears.

For cheapness and simplicity of construction the cutter teeth bx, may bemade in one piece with the base or work plate B, as in Figs. l, 2, 3 and3, the main advantage in making them separate from said work plate andthen detachably but rigidly securing them thereto, as in Figs. 5, 9, l0and il, resting in the fact that they may be removed tor sharpening orsubstitution upon occassion therefor.

y the use oi our multiple shearing mechanism we not only effect asubstantial saving in time and labor, but also attain better and moreuniform results,the line ot severance and trim being straight andaccurate. Furthermore the power is applied to the best advantage, andmore economically as compared with hand clipping by means of a pair ofshears as heretofore.

Ifhe pinions c2, may be spline attached to their shafts c', in whichcase springs cx, may be positioned upon said shafts to hold the pinionsc2, in position against the work plate B.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis:

l. A multiple shearing device of the character designated, comprising aplurality of )fixed cutter teeth, a plurality of rotative cutter bladesoperating in conjunction therewith, and mechanism for actuating saidrotative cutter blades, consisting of a hand lever, pawl and ratchet,main driving gear, and intermediate gears, substantially in the mannerand for the purpose described.

2. A multiple shearing device of the character designated, comprising aplurality of fined cutter teeth, a plurality ot rotative cutter bladesoperating in conjunction therewith, and mechanism for actuating saidrotative cutter blades, consisting ol a hand lever, pawl and ratchet,main driving gear, and intermediate wears, together 'with means 'fortemporarily coupling the hand lever to the main driving gear,substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

3. A multiple shearing device of the character designated, comprising aplurality of tired cutter teeth, a plurality of rotative cutter bladesoperating in connection therewith and each rigidly attached to arotatable shaft, pinions attached to said. rotatable shaits,intermediate gears meshing with said pinions, a main .lriving gear foractuating said intermediate gears, a ratchet wheel rigid on said maindriving gear, and a hand lever having a pawl engaging with said ratchetwheel, substantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

Li. fr multiple shearing device of the character designated, comprisinga plurality of 'To fined cutter teeth, a plurality of rotative cutterblades operating in connection therewith and each rigidly attached to arotatable shaft, pinions attached to said rotatable shafts, intermediategears meshing with said pinions, a main driving gear for actuating saidintermediate gears, a ratchet Wheel rigid on said main driving gear, anda hand lever having a pawl engaging with said ratchet wheel, togetherwith a work plate on which said mechanism is mounted, and a handleattached to said work plate by means which admit ot its adjustmentthereon, substantially in the manner and :for the purpose described.

5. A multiplel shearing device of the character designated, comprising awork plate formed in one piece with a plurality of iiX-ed cutting teeth,a plurality of rotative cutter blades operating in conjunctiontherewith, and mechanism for actuating said rotative cutter blades,consisting ot' a hand lever, pawl and ratchet, main driving gear, and'intermediate gears, substantially iin the manner and for the purposedescribed.

6. i multiple shearing device et the character designated, comprising aplurality of fined cutter teeth the alternate members of y which areformed with convexly curved rear edges, a plurality of rotative cutterblades operating in conjunction therewith, and mechanism for actuatingsaid rotative cutter blades, consisting of a hand lever, pawl andratchet, main driving gear, and intermediate gears, substantially in themanner and Jfor the purpose described.

7. ri multiple shearing device ot the character designated, comprising awork plate formed with two screw socket holes spaced apart for alternateengagement with a detachable screw threaded arborV stud, said arbor studforming the support for a main drive gear, said main driving gear and aratchet wheel integral therewith, a hand lever iulcrumed on saiddetachable arbor stud and formed with a spring pawl engaging saidratchet, a series oi iined cutter teeth on said. work plate, a seriesoi' rotative cutter blades mounted on said work plate and each providedwith an actuating pinion, and intermediate gearing between said pinionsand said main drive gear, substantially in the manner and for thepurpose described.

8. it. multiple shearing device of the character designated, comprisinga work plate formed with two screw socket holes spaced apart ioralternate engagement with a detachable screw threaded arbor stud, saidarbor stud forming the support for a main drive gear, said main drivinggear and a la@ ratchet Wheel integral therewith, a hand ate gear being`provided with pinious iiitel0 lever fuicrumed on said detachable arborgral therewith, substailtiaiiy in the manner Stud and 'termed with aspring pawl engagand for the purpose described.

ing said rate-het a series of fixed cutter teeth T f ou said Work plataa series of rotative 90H TP J J f cutter biades mounted ou said Workplate and each provided with an actuating pinion, Witnesses:

and intermediate gears between said pinions DOROTHY M. CARMICHAEL, andsaid main driving gear7 said intermed- GEO. WVM. MIATT.

